Workplace exposure

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First responders are at risk for exposure to bloodborne pathogens such as hepatitis B and C and HIV, NIOSH warns. Exposure can occur by way of needlesticks; contact with contaminated sharp objects; or eye, mouth, nose or broken skin contact with blood or other potentially infectious bodily fluids.

Tungsten carbide is a metal alloy commonly used in manufacturing because of its hardness and resistance to wear and high temperatures. According to the New Jersey Department of Health’s Division of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health, exposure to tungsten carbide may result in lung issues, as it often contains nickel and chromium, which can trigger asthma.

When workers cut or grind concrete, brick or stone, the resulting dust may contain crystalline silica. According to the New Jersey Department of Health Division of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health, when workers inhale crystalline silica dust, silica particles can scar the lungs and cause a disabling and incurable lung disease called silicosis.

Painters commonly use products such as paint strippers that may contain toxic, flammable or combustible chemicals.

Lead is commonly used at many construction sites, particularly in demolition, salvage, removal, encapsulating, renovation and cleanup. The hazardous substance can pose a risk to workers if they are not properly protected.

Ammonia is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that has a number of occupational uses, such as a refrigerant; cleaning and bleaching agent; or additive in fertilizers, plastics and pharmaceuticals. Although exposure in typical environmental concentrations is not considered hazardous, exposur

Floodwaters can be contaminated with any number of dangerous substances that may cause serious illness or even death, such as micro-organisms, sewage and industrial waste. It is imperative to maintain good hygiene when working in areas affected by floods.

Cleaning up after hurricanes or other storms exposes cleanup workers to floodwaters, which can carry some serious health risks. Floodwaters can be contaminated with micro-organisms, sewage, industrial waste, chemicals or other substances that can cause illness or death, according to OSHA.

Because it is both colorless and odorless, carbon monoxide can be one of the most dangerous gases present in a work environment.